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Matagorda Island Light
The Matagorda Island Light is located on Matagorda Island in Calhoun County, in the U.S. state of Texas. Once under the jurisdiction of the United States Coast Guard, the lighthouse is now managed by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.
==History==
Building of a lighthouse to guide sea-going vessels into Matagorda Bay through Pass Cavallo was authorized by the Congress of the Republic of Texas in 1845 . When President James K. Polk signed the Texas Annexation documents on December 29, 1845, it became the responsibility of the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/two/texannex.htm )〕 In 1847, United States Congress authorized $15,090 to build the lighthouse. Legislative red tape caused a series of delays, and the contract to build the lighthouse was finally awarded to Murray and Hazlehurst of Baltimore in 1851. The new cast iron lighthouse became functional on December 21, 1852. Gulf storms and subsequent beach erosion caused the lighthouse to be rebuilt on higher ground. The light tower was raised in 1857 to enable the beam to be seen from a greater distance. A new lens was installed in 1859.
During the Civil War, the Confederate States Navy tried to blow up the lighthouse to keep it out of Union hands. Damage inflicted by the Confederate troops necessitated rebuilding of the lighthouse at a new site in 1873 at a cost of $32,000. A new iron conical tower was added, with the lens above sea level.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/viewform.asp?atlas_num=2084001624&site_name=Matagorda+Island+Lighthouse&class=2001 )〕
The 1886 Indianola hurricane, which wiped out Indianola, caused the water to rise inside the tower, and caused such structural swaying that the lens fell out. In 1956, the tower was automated by the United States Coast Guard, making it the first time the tower was not operated by human keepers.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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